eqn.ios/Sources/Earthquake Network/Controllers/Reports/SegnalazioniMapViewController.swift

//
//  SegnalazioniMapViewController.swift
//  Earthquake Network
//
//  Created by Andrea Busi on 06/03/21.
//  Copyright © 2021 Earthquake Network. All rights reserved.
//

import Foundation
import MapKit

class SegnalazioniMapViewController: EQNBaseMapViewController {
    
    struct MapCircle {
        let color: UIColor
        let circle: MKCircle
    }
    
    /// Contains circles and related colors to draw overlays on the map
    private var mapCircles = [MapCircle]()
    /// Reports currently showned on the map
    private var filteredReports = [EQNSegnalazione]()
    
    // MARK: - View Lifecycle
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
    }
    
    // MARK: - Public
    
    override func registerMapAnnotationViews() {
        mapView.register(EQNCustomAnnotationView.self, forAnnotationViewWithReuseIdentifier: EQNCustomAnnotationView.Identifier)
    }
    
    override func loadDataSource() {
        guard let list = EQNManager.manager().elencoSelagnazioniManuali else { return }
        
        // filter report based on selected filter
        let filterDate = filter.date
        filteredReports = list.filter { $0.date > filterDate }
        
        // create annotations to display on the map
        let annotations = filteredReports.compactMap { EQNMapAnnotationUserReport(report: $0) }
        
        // create circles to group cluster of reports and show on the map
        let mapCircles = elaborateCircles(for: filteredReports)
        addMapCircles(mapCircles)
        
        // update map and center
        updateMap(with: annotations)
    }
    
    override func centerMap() {
        var centerLocation: CLLocation?
        
        // Se c'è un cluster distante dall'utente meno del raggio di notifica sulle segnalazioni,
        // allora mostro all'utente quel cluster
        if let userPosition = CLLocationManager().location {
            let nearestCluser = mapCircles
                .map { CLLocation(latitude: $0.circle.coordinate.latitude, longitude: $0.circle.coordinate.longitude) }
                .sorted(by: { abs(userPosition.distance(from: $0)) < abs(userPosition.distance(from: $1)) })
                .first
            
            // controlliamo che sia inferiore al raggio impostato per le notifiche
            if let radius = Double(EQNNotificheSegnalazioniUtente.shared().distanzaPosizione),
               let nearestCluser = nearestCluser,
               abs(nearestCluser.distance(from: userPosition)) < radius {
                centerLocation = nearestCluser
            }
        }
        
        // altrimenti mostro il cluster più recente
        if centerLocation == nil, let newestReport = filteredReports.sorted(by: { $0.date > $1.date }).first {
            // cerco il cerchio che contiene la segnalazione più recente
            // tra i cerchi trovati, prendo quello più piccolo
            let newestCircle = mapCircles
                .map { $0.circle }
                .filter { (circle) -> Bool in
                    let location = CLLocation(latitude: circle.coordinate.latitude, longitude: circle.coordinate.longitude)
                    let distance = abs(newestReport.coordinate.distance(from: location))
                    return distance < circle.radius
                }
                .sorted(by: { $0.radius < $1.radius })
                .first
            if let newestCircle = newestCircle {
                centerLocation = CLLocation(latitude: newestCircle.coordinate.latitude, longitude: newestCircle.coordinate.longitude)
            }
        }
        
        if let centerLocation = centerLocation {
            let span = MKCoordinateSpan(latitudeDelta: 8, longitudeDelta: 8)
            let region = MKCoordinateRegion(center: centerLocation.coordinate, span: span)
            mapView.setCenter(centerLocation.coordinate, animated: false)
            mapView.setRegion(region, animated: true)
        }
    }
    
    // MARK: - Private
    
    private func elaborateCircles(for reports: [EQNSegnalazione]) -> [MapCircle] {
        let vector_latitude = reports.map { $0.coordinate.coordinate.latitude }
        let vector_longitude = reports.map { $0.coordinate.coordinate.longitude }
        let vector_date = reports.map { $0.date }
        let vector_state = reports.map { $0.magnitude }

        let minutes: TimeInterval = filter.minutes
        
        var cluster_code = 0
        var vector_cluster = [Int](repeating: 0, count: vector_latitude.count)
        for i in 0..<vector_latitude.count {
            let deltaMinute_i = getDeltaMinute(vector_date[i])
            if vector_cluster[i] == 0 && deltaMinute_i <= minutes {
                for j in 0..<vector_latitude.count {
                    let deltaMinute_j = getDeltaMinute(vector_date[j])
                    if i != j && deltaMinute_j <= minutes {
                        if abs(vector_latitude[i] - vector_latitude[j]) < 4 && abs(vector_longitude[i] - vector_longitude[j]) < 4 && abs(deltaMinute_i - deltaMinute_j) <= 20 {
                            if vector_cluster[j] > 0 {
                                vector_cluster[i] = vector_cluster[j]
                            } else {
                                if vector_cluster[i] > 0 {
                                    vector_cluster[j] = vector_cluster[i]
                                } else {
                                    cluster_code += 1
                                    vector_cluster[i] = cluster_code
                                    vector_cluster[j] = cluster_code
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
                
        //calcola i centri dei cluster e l'intensità di ciascun cluster
        var lat_centre = [Double](repeating: 0, count: cluster_code)
        var lon_centre = [Double](repeating: 0, count: cluster_code)
        var cluster_freq = [Int](repeating: 0, count: cluster_code)
        var cluster_intensity = [Double](repeating: 0, count: cluster_code)

        for k in 0..<cluster_code {
            lat_centre[k] = 0
            lon_centre[k] = 0
            cluster_freq[k] = 0
            cluster_intensity[k] = 0
            for i in 0..<vector_latitude.count {
                if vector_cluster[i] == k+1 {
                    lat_centre[k] = lat_centre[k] + vector_latitude[i]
                    lon_centre[k] = lon_centre[k] + vector_longitude[i]
                    cluster_freq[k] = cluster_freq[k] + 1
                    cluster_intensity[k] = cluster_intensity[k] + Double(vector_state[i])
                }
            }
            if cluster_freq[k] > 0 {
                lat_centre[k] = lat_centre[k]/Double(cluster_freq[k])
                lon_centre[k] = lon_centre[k]/Double(cluster_freq[k])
                cluster_intensity[k] = cluster_intensity[k]/Double(cluster_freq[k])
            }
        }
        
        var lat_farest = [Double](repeating: 0, count: cluster_code)
        var lon_farest = [Double](repeating: 0, count: cluster_code)
        var max_distance = [Double](repeating: 0, count: cluster_code)
        //per ogni cluster calcola il punto più lontano dal centro
        for k in 0..<cluster_code {
            max_distance[k] = 0
            for i in 0..<vector_latitude.count {
                if vector_cluster[i] == k+1 {
                    let distance = abs(lat_centre[k] - vector_latitude[i]) + abs(lon_centre[k] - vector_longitude[i])
                    if distance >= max_distance[k] {
                        lat_farest[k] = vector_latitude[i]
                        lon_farest[k] = vector_longitude[i]
                        max_distance[k] = distance
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        let circles = Array(0..<cluster_code).map { (i) -> MapCircle in
            var value_distance = max_distance[i] / 20.0
            if value_distance > 1.0 {
                value_distance = 1.0
            }
            let value_intensity = (cluster_intensity[i]-1.0) / 2.0
            let value_reference = max(value_distance, value_intensity)
            
            let color: UIColor
            if value_reference <= 0.5 {
                let red = round(value_reference * 510)
                color = UIColor(red: CGFloat(red / 255.0), green: 230.0/255.0, blue: 0.0, alpha: 1.0)
            } else {
                let green = round(230 - (value_reference - 0.5) * 460)
                color = UIColor(red: 255.0, green: CGFloat(green / 255.0), blue: 0.0, alpha: 1.0)
            }
            
            let centre = CLLocation(latitude: lat_centre[i], longitude: lon_centre[i])
            let farest = CLLocation(latitude: lat_farest[i], longitude: lon_farest[i])
            let radius: CLLocationDistance = centre.distance(from: farest) + 4000
            
            let circle = MKCircle(center: centre.coordinate, radius: radius)
            return MapCircle(color: color, circle: circle)
        }
        return circles
    }
    
    private func addMapCircles(_ circles: [MapCircle]) {
        // elimino vecchie circonferenze
        let previousCircles = mapCircles.map { $0.circle }
        mapView.removeOverlays(previousCircles)
        
        // !!note: is important to assign here the circles
        // otherwise `addOverlays` will not work
        mapCircles = circles
        
        // creo nuovi cerchi
        let overlays = circles.map { $0.circle }
        mapView.addOverlays(overlays)
    }
    
    private func getDeltaMinute(_ date: Date) -> TimeInterval {
        Date().timeIntervalSince(date) / 60.0
    }
    
    // MARK: - Map
    
    override func setupAnnotationView(for annotation: MKAnnotation, on mapView: MKMapView) -> MKAnnotationView? {
        guard let annotation = annotation as? EQNMapAnnotationUserReport else {
            return nil
        }
        
        let annotationView = mapView.dequeueReusableAnnotationView(withIdentifier: EQNCustomAnnotationView.Identifier, for: annotation) as! EQNCustomAnnotationView
        
        annotationView.image = annotation.image
        annotationView.title = annotation.title
        
        return annotationView
    }
    
    func mapView(_ mapView: MKMapView, rendererFor overlay: MKOverlay) -> MKOverlayRenderer {
        if let overlay = overlay as? MKCircle, let mapCircle = mapCircles.first(where: { $0.circle == overlay }) {
            let circle = MKCircleRenderer(overlay: overlay)
            circle.strokeColor = mapCircle.color
            circle.fillColor = mapCircle.color.withAlphaComponent(0.1)
            circle.lineWidth = 2.0
            return circle
        }

        return MKOverlayRenderer(overlay: overlay)
    }
}